Tags: Croup

Haemophilus Influenzae: Clinical Syndromes

Contents1. MENINGITISClinical Findings2. EPIGLOTTITISClinical Findings3. PNEUMONIAClinical Findings4. PYOGENIC ARTHRITISClinical Findings5. CELLULITISClinical Findings 6. OTITIS MEDIAClinical Findings7. SINUSITIS8. EXACERBATIONS OF UNDERLYING LUNG DISEASE9. NEONATAL SEPSISClinical Findings10. BRAZILIAN PURPURIC FEVERClinical Findings11. CHANCROIDClinical FindingsDiagnosisTreatmentPrevention & ControlBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCH influenzae was first isolated during the 1892 influenza pandemic and was originally believed to be the causative agent of influenza. Although subsequent studies revealed the fallacy of this idea, H influenzae has proved to be a common cause of localized respiratory tract and systemic disease, including meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, pyogenic arthritis, cellulitis, otitis media, and sinusitis, among others (Box 1). 1. MENINGITIS Meningitis is the most common …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Adenoviruses: Clinical Syndromes

ContentsDiagnosis of Adenovirus InfectionPrevention & ControlBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCAdenoviruses cause primary infection in children and, less commonly, adults. Reactivation of virus occurs in immunocompromised children and adults. Several distinct clinical syndromes are associated with adenovirus infection (Box 1). ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASE A. Signs and Symptoms. Acute pharyngitis is usually nonexudative but is associated with fever. Acute respiratory disease is a syndrome of fever, cough, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis seen primarily in outbreaks among military recruits usually with serotypes 4 and 7. Adenoviruses are definite but infrequent causes of true viral pneumonia in both children and adults including military recruits. Laryngitis, croup, and …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Parainfluenza Virus

ContentsEssentials of DiagnosisGeneral ConsiderationsClinical syndromesAcute laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)Clinical FindingsDiagnosisTreatmentBronchiolitisClinical FindingsDiagnosisTreatmentPneumoniaClinical FindingsDiagnosisTreatmentPrevention & ControlBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCEssentials of Diagnosis • Ubiquitous viral agent. • Usually diagnosed on clinical findings. • Can infect upper and lower respiratory tract in all ages. • Most common etiology of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in infants and toddlers. • Frequent cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children. • Yearly reinfection is common. General Considerations A. Epidemiology. Parainfluenza is a ubiquitous virus. It is the primary cause of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in children aged 6 months to 3 years. It is capable of infecting the lower respiratory tract as well …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Influenza

Contents Essentials of DiagnosisGeneral ConsiderationsInfluenza InfectionBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTC Essentials of Diagnosis • Acute onset of fever, chills, myalgia, headache, sore throat, nonproductive cough, and severe malaise • Winter or epidemic setting • Variable white blood cell counts • Nasopharyngeal specimen ideally collected within 2-3 days of illness; placed into viral transport media; virus usually isolated within 2-6 days of inoculation into tissue culture • Direct antigen assay positive on nasopharyngeal specimens for influenza A • Increased school absenteeism or emergency room visits signal outbreak General Considerations Influenza is a highly contagious, acute, febrile respiratory illness caused by influenza A and B viruses. The …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Influenza Infection

ContentsClinical FindingsDifferential DiagnosisComplicationsTreatmentPrognosisPrevention & ControlBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCClinical Findings The spectrum of influenza infection ranges from subclinical cases to fulminating viral pneumonia. A. Signs and Symptoms (Box 1). There are no specific physical examination findings associated with influenza. The patient usually appears ill and has fever. A clear nasal discharge is common. A typical uncomplicated case of influenza illness begins abruptly and is manifested by sore throat, headache, fever, chills, myalgias, anorexia, and extreme fatigue. Fever is usually between 38 and 40 °C but may be higher and usually lasts for ~3 days (but = 5 days). Other respiratory tract manifestations include …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Common Cold

ContentsDescription of Medical ConditionMedical Symptoms and Signs of DiseaseWhat Causes Disease?Risk FactorsDiagnosis of DiseaseDifferential DiagnosisLaboratoryPathological FindingsSpecial TestsImagingDiagnostic ProceduresTreatment (Medical Therapy)Appropriate Health CareGeneral MeasuresActivityDietPatient EducationMedications (Drugs, Medicines)Drug(s) of ChoiceAlternative DrugsPatient MonitoringPrevention / AvoidancePossible ComplicationsExpected Course / PrognosisMiscellaneousAssociated ConditionsAge-Related FactorsPregnancySynonymsInternational Classification of DiseasesSee AlsoAbbreviationsBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCDescription of Medical Condition Inflammation of the nasal passages due to any number of respiratory viruses. Usually not serious; vast majority are self-treated. System(s) affected: Pulmonary Genetics: American Indians and Eskimos at higher risk than other ethnic groups and have more frequent complications such as otitis media; individuals with certain alpha-1-antitrypsin genotypes may be unusually susceptible to the …

[ Continue Reading... ]

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection

ContentsDescription of Medical ConditionMedical Symptoms and Signs of DiseaseWhat Causes Disease?Risk FactorsDiagnosis of DiseaseDifferential DiagnosisLaboratoryPathological FindingsImagingDiagnostic ProceduresTreatment (Medical Therapy)Appropriate Health CareGeneral MeasuresActivityDietMedications (Drugs, Medicines)Drug(s) of ChoiceAlternative DrugsPatient MonitoringPrevention / AvoidancePossible ComplicationsExpected Course / PrognosisMiscellaneousAssociated ConditionsAge-Related FactorsPregnancyInternational Classification of DiseasesSee AlsoAbbreviationsBuy Most Popular Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiparasitic, Antiviral Drugs Online no RX & OTCDescription of Medical Condition • RSV causes respiratory illness – Adults: URI’s – Infants and children: bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia – Leading cause of pediatric admissions for respiratory illness System(s) affected: Pulmonary Genetics: None known Incidence/Prevalence in USA: Common in winter. Almost all persons infected one or more times during lifetime. Predominant age: Birth to age 2 Predominant sex: • Males …

[ Continue Reading... ]